Fund, Credit, Investments : Economical Categories
Scientific gets results in the theories of finances and even credit, according in order to the specification in the research object, will be characterized to become many-sided and many-leveled.
The meaning of wholeness in the economical relationships formed in the particular process of creation, distribution and usage of finances, as money sources is widely spread. For instance, in "the general theory of finances" there are two descriptions of finances:
1) "... Finances reflect economical relations, formation from the funds associated with money sources, inside the process involving distribution and redistribution of national receipts according to the distribution plus usage". This definition has relatively to the conditions involving Capitalism, when cash-commodity relations gain universal character;
2) "Finances represent the formation of centralized ad decentralized money sources, inexpensive relations relatively using the distribution in addition to usage, which provide for fulfillment of the state functions and obligations and likewise provision of the conditions of the widened further production". This definition is brought without showing the environment of the action. We share partly such description of finances plus think expedient to be able to make some standards.
First, finances overcome the bounds associated with distribution and redistribution service with the countrywide income, though it is a basic first step toward finances. In addition, formation and use of the downgrading fund which can be the part of economical domain, belongs not to the supply and redistribution associated with the national income (of newly formed value during the year), but for the distribution of already developed value.
This particular latest first shows up to be a new part of associated with main industrial funds, later it is definitely moved to the price price of an all sety product (that would be to the value too) and after its conclusion, and it is set typically the depression fund. Their source is consumed into account beforehand as a depression kind in typically the consistence with the prepared products price range.
Second, main goal regarding finances is substantially wider then "fulfillment of the state functions and obligations and even provision of conditions to the widened further production". Finances are present within the state degree and in addition on the particular manufactures and branches' level too, and in such problems, when the just about all portion of the manufactures are usually not state.
Sixth v. Specialized knowledge M. Rodionova provides a different location about this subject matter: "real formation of the money begins on the stage of distribution, if the value is realized and concrete cost-effective forms of typically the realized value will be separated from typically the consistence with the profit". V. M. Rodionova makes an highlight of finances, while distributing relations, whenever D. S. Moliakov underlines industrial base of finances.
Though both of them give quite establish discussion of finances, as a technique of formation, distribution and using the particular funds of money resources, that happens regarding the following definition of the finances: "financial cash relations, which forms in the process of circulation and redistribution of the partial value of the national riches and total interpersonal product, is related to the subjects involving the economy and formation and use of the condition cash incomes and savings in typically the widened further generation, in the stuff stimulation of the workers for satisfaction with the society social and also other requests".
Throughout the manuals involving the political overall economy we meet with the following definitions involving finances:
"Finances associated with the socialistic point out represent economical (cash) relations, with the help of which usually, in the method of planned supply of the profits and savings typically the funds of funds options for the point out and socialistic manufactures are formed with regard to guaranteeing the expansion regarding the production, increasing the material plus cultural level regarding the people and for satisfying other basic society requests".
"The system of creation and usage involving necessary funds regarding cash resources intended for guarantying socialistic increased further production symbolize exactly the finances regarding the socialistic culture. And the totality of economical relations arisen between point out, manufactures and agencies, branches, regions in addition to separate citizen based on the movement of dollars funds make monetary relations".
As we have seen, definitions involving finances made simply by financiers and political economists do not change greatly.